广外考研论坛 发表于 2020-11-4 17:06:03

必看!考研英语作文,重点话题词汇总结

本帖最后由 广外考研论坛 于 2020-11-4 17:07 编辑

通过对历年英语真题的分析,考研英语作文的主题主要有8类,而且一旦考到某一主题,很多主题词都是通用的。比如对2019年英语一作文主题毅力与坚持努力,2016年榜样的力量,2012年的乐观与悲观,我们可以发现,比如asense of achievement(成就感),aggressive(有进取心的),adversityand hardship(逆境和苦难)等等这些主题词都可以被用到多种同类型的主题作文中。所以分类记忆一些经常考、并且可以运用到多个主题的主题词很有必要。
今天为大家带来的就是,根据历年真题的分类总结出来的几大主题类型的词汇,很多词汇都是可以通用在多个主题中的,这类词汇尤其需要多记忆一些。
一、精神品质类(极重要)
注:是英语一考查频度最高的话题。是绝对的重点,team spirit:团队精神teamwork:团队合作strengthen mutual cooperation:增强相互合作patience:耐心prudence:谨慎persistence/perseverance:恒心/毅力/坚持give up halfway:半途而废endeavor:努力diligence/painstaking efforts:勤奋self-dependence/self-reliance/independence:自立innovation/creativity/criticalthinking:创新self-confidence:自信lack of confidence:缺乏自信modesty:谦虚striving spirit:奋斗精神the spirit of competition:拼搏精神aggressive:有进取心的strong-willed:意志坚强的tireless:孜孜不倦的persevering:不屈不挠的consistent:始终如一的adversity and hardship:逆境和苦难a sense of achievement:成就感sense of honor:荣誉感entertain great ambitions:胸怀抱负reap without sowing:不劳而获haste makes waste:欲速则不达utilitarian:功利的,急功近利的actions:行动(take actions:付诸行动)down-to-earth:务实的thrift:勤俭honesty:诚信curiosity:充满好奇
二、道德类(极重要)
public morality:公德devotion/dedication:奉献charity:慈善sense of responsibility:责任感undertake one'sduties/responsibility:承担责任avoid one'sduties/responsibility:逃避责任traditional virtues:传统美德practice filial piety:奉行孝道selfless devotion:无私奉献Patriotism:爱国主义comply with public morality:遵守公德follow the morals:按道德行事improve public morals:改进社会风气safeguard public morals:维护公共道德injure public morality:损害公共道德be public-spirited:有公德心的the corruption of public morality:公德堕落the lack of moral sense:道德缺失the crisis of trust:信任危机spit everywhere:随地吐痰make noise/talk loudly:大声喧哗littering:乱丢垃圾empty promise:空洞承诺false promise:虚假承诺compete for benefits:争抢利益unfair competitions:不公平竞争consumers' rights and interests:消费者权益disregard the public rules:无视公共规章benevolence:善心仁慈with heart and soul:全心全意amicable:友好的charitable:宽厚的credibility:信誉,美誉fake commodities:伪劣产品dishonest behaviors:欺诈行为unaffordable prices of medicines:药价虚高academic corruption:学术腐败plagiarism:剽窃抄袭excessive growth:过度上涨illegal ads:非法广告food safety:食品安全misdeed/misconduct:不良行为spirit of contact:契约精神volunteering service:志愿服务volunteer spirit:志愿者精神

三、家庭类或两代关系类(重要)
注:1992年以来,家庭类话题在英语(一)大作文中考过5次,是重要的考查话题。最近一次考的是在2016年。mutual understanding:相互理解aging society:老龄化社会population aging:人口老龄化generation gap:代沟widen/expand generation gap:扩大代沟narrow/bridge generation gap:消除代沟domestic/family violence:家庭暴力foster/raise/breed/nurture/bring up:抚养household chores:繁杂家务spoil children/dote on children:溺爱孩子over-indulgence:纵容溺爱only child:独生子女the universal two-child policy:全面二孩政策a well-off family:小康之家filial piety:孝道practice filial piety/fulfill filialduty:奉行孝道show solicitude for parents:关心父母mistreat/ill-treat/maltreat parents:虐待父母cousin:堂兄妹,表兄妹offspring:后代,后辈ancestor:祖先
四、环保类(重要)
注:1992年以来,环保类话题在英语(一)大作文中已考过3次,是重要的考查话题。environment-friendly:生态环保的conserve natural habitats:保护生存环境animal rights activist:动物权益保护者natural reserve:自然保护区natural resources:自然资源biodiversity:生物多样性extinction:灭绝wind breaks:防风林sand breaks:防沙林climate change:气候变化greenhouse effect:温室效应threat of global warming:全球变暖的威胁develop renewable resources:开发可再生资源low-carbon economy:低碳经济low-carbon lifestyle:低碳生活方式environmental awareness:环境意识deforestation:森林消失biodegradable:可生物降解的environment-friendly products:环保产品household garbage:生活垃圾waste sorting/garbage classification:垃圾分类motor vehicle pollution:汽车尾气污染public transport:公共交通green commuting:绿色出行water and soil erosion:水土流失soot emissions:烟尘排放sea water desalinization:海水淡化create pleasant living environment:创造怡人的生活环境air pollution:空气污染degradation/deterioration of airquality:空气质量恶化discharge/emit poisonous/toxic gas:排放有毒气体acid rain:酸雨drought:干旱sandstorm:沙尘暴toxic waste:有毒废物industrial waste:工业废物sewage treatment:污水处理
五、健康类
注:只在1996、1997这两年考过。健康类话题英语(二)考查的可能性比较大,自从2010年开始英语二考试后还没有考过这类话题,比如给一个大学生健康问题调查的图表以此写相关的作文。physical health/fitness:生理健康mental/psychological health/fitness:心理健康health concern:健康问题state of health:健康状况sub-health:亚健康public health:公共卫生state of mind:心态physical exercises:体育锻炼well-balanced diet:均衡饮食sacrifice health:牺牲健康junk food:垃圾食品food additives:食品添加剂go on a diet:节食,减肥infectious disease/illness:传染病non-acclimatization:水土不服relapse:复发症stupor:昏迷short-sightedness:近视malnutrition:营养不良chill:打冷战
六、文化类(重要)
注:文化类话题是英语(一)大作文的高频考查话题,1992年以来已考过4次,最近一次是在2010年(文化火锅)。截至目前,已有9年未考了,尤其近年我国一直在强调我们的文化自信,所以2020考研务必重视这个话题。
culture and civilization:文化和文明The cultural blending/integration/fusion:文化融合cultural exchanges/interaction/interchange:文化交流cultural diversity:文化多元化multiculturalism:多元文化cultural identity:文化特性cultural heritage/legacy:文化遗产cultural relics:文物cultural facilities:文化设施cultural devolution:文化退化cultural insights:文化视角alien/foreign culture:外国文化Chinese cultural symbols:中国文化的符号advocate/carry forward traditionalculture:弘扬传统文化undermine traditions:破坏传统great and profound:博大精深的local customs and practices:风土人情cross-cultural communication:跨文化交流spiritual civilization:精神文明break with old customs:抛弃传统hand down from generation togeneration:代代相传minority:少数民族national pride:民族自豪original:原始原创的charming:极具魅力的splendid:壮丽辉煌的talk show:谈话节目crash:碰撞collection:收藏品folk art:民间艺术Chinese craze:中国热
七、教育类
注:教育类话题英语(二)考查的可能性比较大,近年来一直强调的给大学生增负,有可能以此为背景的调查作为主题。compulsory education:义务教育life-long education:终身教育exam/test-oriented education:应试教育quality education:素质教育well-rounded development of a child:全面发展balanced development of a child:均衡发展cultural quality:文化素质impart knowledge and educate people:教书育人intellectual property:知识产权law education:法制教育teach students according to theiraptitude:因材施教academic/theoretical knowledge:理论知识practical skills:实用技能integrate theory with practice:理论联系实际disconnect theory from practice:理论脱离实际shape/mould one's character:塑造性格extra-curricular activities:课外活动the spirit of exploration:探索精神cultivate (nurture, foster)creative/original thinking:培养创新思维stifle/constrain/extinguishcreativity:扼杀创造力sap/dampen student's interest in sth.:挫伤学生对某事的兴趣eliminate illiteracy:扫盲miss a class:缺课cut a class:旷课drop out:辍学quit school:退学assistantship:助学金scholarship:奖学金university graduates:大学毕业生pursue post-graduate study/take partin the entrance exams for postgraduates:考研study abroad/go abroad for furthereducation:出国留学excessive/undue academic pressure:过大的学习压力the burden of study/learning:学习负担ease/relieve academic pressure:缓解学习压力intensify academic pressure:增强学习压力academic atmosphere:学习气氛
八、经济类
注:经济类话题英语(二)考查的可能性比较大。economic globalization:经济全球化recession/bleeding economy:经济不景气economic/financial crisis:经济/金融危机economic recovery:经济复苏economic prosperity:经济繁荣job market:就业市场look for/hunt for/seek a job:找工作job seeker:求职者a tough job market:严峻的就业形势unrealistic salary expectations:不切实际的薪资期望pursue a high-paid job:追求高薪工作lose one's job/be unemployed:失业job losses mount, unemployment climbs:失业加剧unemployment:失业人数career guidance:就业指导decline/recession/depression:萎缩/衰退/萧条bubble economy:泡沫经济demand exceed supply:供不应求turn loss into gains:转亏为盈stabilize prices:稳定物价unfair competition:不正当竞争fierce/intense/furious/cut-throatcompetition:激烈竞争fake and inferior product:假冒伪劣产品after-sale service:售后服务brand effect:品牌效应lift/elevate people's standard ofliving:提高人们的生活水平lower citizens' standard of living:降低居民生活水平eliminate poverty:消除贫困spur/stimulate consumption:刺激消费

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