例句： The relationship between Latin American music and black music in the United States is evident in the unaccented beats that are common to either/both.
分析： 该句是复合句，定语从句that are common to either/both修饰beats。
译文： 拉丁美洲音乐同美国黑人音乐的关系明显地表现在这两种音乐各自存在着无重音节拍这一共同点上。
例句： We also expect each place to be appropriate to its use.
例句： Although Professor Green's lectures usually run over the fifty minute period, none of his students ever object(s) as they find his lectures both informative and interesting.
例句： He has failed me so many times that I no longer place any reliance on what he promises. (1997年第23题)
分析： 该句是复合句。
译文： 他多次辜负了我的期望，以至于我不再相信他作出的任何承诺。
例句： The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. (选自2008年Use of English)
分析： 该句是复合句，主干部分是The idea is one of those hypotheses。that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others是idea的同位语从句，that dare not speak its name是hypotheses的定语从句。
译文： 认为某些群体的智商要高于其他群体是一个无人敢说出来的假想。
5. every只能用作形容词，everyone指人，而every one既可以指物也可以指人。
例句： Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functions of practically every business operation in the whole country. (1998年第32题)
分析： 该句是简单句，本句隐含了一个与现在情况相反的虚拟语气，Without telephone相 当于if there were no telephone。
译文： 如果没有电话，全国几乎所有的商业运作都不可能正常进行。
例句： There is an incorrect assumption among scientists and medical people that everyone agrees on what constitutes a benefit to an individual.
分析： 该句是复合句，that everyone agrees on...作assumption的同位语从句，what constitutes a benefit to an individual作介词on的宾语。
例句： However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behavior became markedly different. (选自2005年Text 1)
分析： 该句是复合句，主句部分为their behavior became markedly different。 when引 导的时间状语从句中又插入了so that引导的目的状语从句，从句中what the other...作observe的宾语。
例句： We had a party last month, and it was a lot of fun, so let's have another one this month.
分析： 该句是并列句。
译文： 上个月我们举行了一场晚会，很有意思。因此，我们这个月再举行一场类似的晚会吧。
2. 表示三者并对三者加以说明。
表达方法如下：
one...another...and the other
one...a second...and the third
例句： I have three sisters, one is a nurse, another (a second) is a teacher, and the other (and the third) is a doctor.
注： 表示四者并对四者都加以说明的表达方式是：one...another...a third...and the fourth (the other)...。
3. One作代词时，前用形容词或the，this，that，which，any，some，each，every等来修饰，另有one of the+复数名词+单数动词。
例句： That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. (选自2006年Text 3)
分析： 该句是复合句，means后的宾语从句省略了连接代词that，what is in the sea作介词 of的宾语，so引导的另一个分句中的the one代替前面的名词difference，分词短语recorded by...作后置定语修饰the one。
例句： Her mother will be back in another moment, and we have to wait for her.
分析： 本句是以and连接的并列句。
译文： 她妈妈再过一会儿就回来，我们还是等等她吧。
例句： We will visit the History Museum another day.
译文： 我们改天参观历史博物馆。
例句： He is planning another tour abroad, yet his passport will expire at the end of this month. (1998年第34题)
分析： 该句是由yet连接的并列句。
译文： 他正计划再到国外去旅游，但是他的护照这个月底就到期了。
5. other通常接复数名词，在any other，every other, no other，some other，the other，one other后，名词也可用单数形式。
例句： As far as I am concerned, his politics are rather conservative compared with other politicians'. (1997年第19题)
分析： 该句是简单句，其中As far as I am concerned为插入语，other politicians?相当于other politicians? politics，分词短语compared with other politicians?在句中作状语表示时间或条件，相当于when/if his politics are compared with other politicians'。
译文： 依我看，与其他政治家的政治观点相比，他的观点更加保守。
例句： No other book has had a greater influence on my life.
译文： 任何书对我一生的影响都没有这本书大。
例句： Wilson found there was only one other guest besides himself.
例句： Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, of which obtaining water is not the least.
分析： 该句是复合句，of which obtaining water is...是一个非限制性定语从句修饰 problems，the least是the little的最高级表示肯定意义。
译文： 居住在澳大利亚沙漠中心有其自身的问题，其中，获取水是很严峻的问题。
例句： They may teach very well, and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. (2006年第50题)
分析： 该句是并列复合句，定语从句which involve moral judgment修饰problems，but前后是两个并列句。
例句：It's hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. (选自2011年Text 4)
分析：该句是复合句。在主句中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children;在原因状语从句中,it代表前面提到的to want children;冒号后的内容是对前面内容的解释。
例句： Most newspapers, while devoting the major part of their space to recent events, usually manage to find room on the inside pages for articles on some interesting topics. (2000年第17题)
分析： 该句是复合句，其中主句为Most newspapers usually manage to find room on the inside pages...topics。从句while后的完整形式应为while they are devoting the major part of their space to recent events。
译文： 大多数报纸将主要版面用来报道近期发生的事件，但通常也会在内页留出空间刊登一些趣闻。
例句： Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly.
分析： 该句是复合句，that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant在句中充当表语从句，定语从句whose brain is...rapidly修饰the infant。
译文： 其原因往往是母亲对大脑已做好快速学习语言准备的婴儿所发出的信号不敏感。
1. 单独使用时，most前无冠词。
例句： Some of the people stayed behind, but most went.
分析： most=most people，动词用复数。
2. most后带有限制性定语从句时，前加the。
例句： The most this hall can seat is 1,000.
分析： 这是一个复合句，this hall can seat这个定语从句修饰the most。seat是动词，意为“为……提供座位”。
译文： 这个大厅最多能容纳一千人。
3. most of the+复数名词表示“大多数……”;most of+形容词性物主代词+单数名词表示“大部分……”。
例句： Mr.Pollard has visited most of the countries in Europe.
译文： 波勒德先生已经访问了欧洲大多数国家。
例句： Most of her book deals with problems in political economy.
译文： 她的书大部分都是论述政治经济方面的问题的。
例句： Moreover, most of the changes that companies make are intended to keep them profitable, and this need not always mean increasing productivity: switching to new markets or improving quality can matter just as much. (选自1998年Text 2)
4. most作副词时构成形容词或副词的最高级;在通俗英语中most=very，修饰形容词或副词，most与mostly的区别在于后者作“大部分”讲(=for the most part)。
例句： The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate of all Indians but seems to be indifferent to the welfare of his animals. (2001年第14题)
例句： That the sun and not the earth is the center of our planetary system was a difficult concept to grasp in the Middle Ages.
分析： 该句是复合句，that the sun and not the earth is the center of our planetary system在句中充当主语。
译文： 太阳是我们行星系的中心(而不是地球)这一概念在中世纪是很难让人明白的。
例句： It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive. (2009年第46题)
分析： 该句是由转折连词but连接的并列句，其中第一个分句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是that the measure of the worth...，of any social institution是worth的后置定语，in enlarging and improving experience是its effect的后置定语。
例句： He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully”. (2008年第49题)
分析： 该句是复合句，that引导的宾语从句结构是he was superior to..., 其中包含了由which引导的定语从句，in noticing things与in observing them carefully是并列结构。
译文： 他又自谦地说，或许自己“在注意到容易被忽略的事物，并对其加以仔细观察方面优于常人”。
例句： I apologize if I had offended you, but I assure you it was unintentional. (1998年第3题)
分析： 该句是并列复合句，其中短语assure sb. that...意为“向某人保证某事”。
译文： 如果我冒犯了你，我向你道歉，但我保证那不是故意的。
(三)引导表语从句
例句：One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. (选自2011年Text 1)
分析：该句是复合句。其中，why the appointment came as such a surprise是一个定语从句，修饰reasons，however作插入语，介词短语as such a surprise作状语，修饰came;主句的主干部分是One of the reasons is that Gilbert is comparatively little known。
译文： 然而，该任命显得如此突然的原因之一就是吉尔伯特比较不为人知。
例句： The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. (选自2006年Text3)
分析： 该句是复合句，that people have failed to...changes是一个表语从句，which have happened in the ocean作changes的定语，because后引导一个原因状语从句。
例句：Allen's contribution was to take an assumption we all share — that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts — and reveal its erroneous nature. (2011年第46题)
分析：该句是复合句，主干部分是Allen?s contribution was to take an assumption and reveal its erroneous nature。其中we all share是一个定语从句，修饰assumption;that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts是一个同位语从句，与assumption为同位语关系。
例句： But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the new media. (2007年第48题)
分析： 该句是复合句，其中主干结构为the idea...rests on an understanding...， that the journalist must...an ordinary citizen是the idea的同位语从句。
例句： Now that you have developed a topic into a tentative thesis, you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out whatever outline you have made. (选自2008年Part B)
分析： 该句是复合句，主干部分是you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out...， whatever outline you have made作flesh out(使充实、具体化)的宾语，从句中develop...into意思是“发展成;变成”。前半部分是now that引导的让步状语从句。
译文： 既然你已经将一个主题拓展成了一个初步的论题，那么你就可以整合笔记内容，丰富自己拟定的提纲。
例句： Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game” of espionage — spying as a “profession”. (选自2003年Text 1)
分析： 该句是复合句，whatever tools came to...作using的宾语，破折号后的内容是对espionage的解释说明。
