广东外语外贸大学 2018 年研究生入学考试
英语水平考试试题真题【回忆版】
Ⅰ. Cloze (30 points, 1 point for each)
WORD LIST
phenomenon
associated
advantage
heterosexual
challenged
without
identity
discrimination
exceed
authoritative
domestic
cases
male-dominated
size
superior
body
independent
muting
violent
excluded
rates
hand-eye
managed
means
with
to
for
of
on
plus
Strength is one of the few ways that men, on average, exceed the abilities of women – but if that changed, it
would in fact be a continuation of the way that male identity and traditional masculinity is already being challenged
in the real world. In the past 50 years, women have become more independent and, in many cases, have overtaken
men in earnings, achievements and success. Technology is also muting gender differences, making historically
male-dominated fields such as manufacturing and the military open to women, who can now rely on intellect and
hand-eye coordination rather than upper body strength, for example, to build cars or engage in combat.
As a result, some men cling to their gender’s generally greater capacity for physical power as justification that
“somehow, men are still more entitled to power,” argues Jackson Katz, an author, lecturer and president of MVP
Strategies, a company that offers training and education on gender violence prevention. “As women have started
competing with men in areas that men had historically excluded them from, some men have retreated into this
world where size and physical strength matters even more, because it’s the one area where they continue to hold
advantage over women.”
Katz argues that this might help to explain some of the popularity and growth of American football, boxing,
MMA and other violent sports. “A man might not be able to understand or articulate this, but the thinking comes
down to, ‘Yes, a woman may make more money than me, my boss might be a woman, my wife might have better
job than me, but none of them can play football,’” Katz says. He notes, though, that obsession with gladiator-type
masculinity tends to be a predominantly American phenomenon.
On the plus side, if women were stronger, they would immediately become less subject to male harassment
and violence, and rape would go down “by orders of magnitude,” says Katz.
However, it might be wrong to assume that women’s superior strength would be benign. They are still capable
of violence: 17-45% of lesbians report physical abuse at the hands of a female partner, for example, and in
heterosexual couples – while women do suffer higher overall rates of victimisation – 19% of men say they have
been assaulted by a partner at least once. So, while male-on-female domestic abuse would likely decrease,
female-on-male cases would probably increase. “Men abuse women because they can – that’s the deal with being
strong,” Fairbairn says. “I like women a lot, but I don’t think we’re perfect.”
How inequalities and gender-based discrimination in the workplace might be affected is less clear. It is true
that masculine traits have long been associated with positions of power – think Margaret Thatcher training herself
to speak with a deeper voice to sound more authoritative, for example, or the rise of the pantsuit among 1970s
businesswomen as a means of seeking respect and acceptance from male colleagues. Should women no longer have
to use fashion, body language and voice training to masculinise themselves – should they naturally tower over male
colleagues – then gender-based discrimination, Fairbairn believes, would begin to disappear.
Gardiner doesn’t think it would be so straightforward, however. She points out that physical size and strength
are not necessarily factors in sustaining inequalities. “Whites are not larger and stronger, on average, than people of
colour,” she says. “Yet white supremacy has managed to hang on, without any obvious physical base.
Ⅱ. Proofreading and Error Correction (40 points, 2 points for each)
原文：
A honeybee queen, when all is right in her world, should live for two to three
years. But in the United States, beekeepers have seen that life span drop by more than
half over the past decade, and researchers are trying to determine why. It’s one of
many questions surrounding the mystery of honeybee mortality, a disturbing
phenomenon that’s linked to a mix of factors, including parasites, pesticides, and
habitat loss.
Aside from making a delicious natural sweetener, honeybees—which are not
native to the U.S.—also provide a crucial service to agriculture: pollination. From
apples to almonds, many crops would suffer without honeybees. And while about 90
percent of beekeepers in this country are hobbyists, the majority of hives belong to
large-scale, commercial operations, says North Carolina State University
entomologist David Tarpy.
Colony collapse in general could be devastating to food production. So scientists
are looking for alternatives. Most honeybees in the U.S. today are of Italian heritage
and vulnerable to a pest called the varroa mite. But Russian bees are more resistant to
it, and backyard beekeepers have had success with them. The problem, says Tarpy, is
that Russian honeybees don’t make as much honey as their Italian counterparts and
“aren’t as amenable” to the migratory nature of pollinating large-scale farms.
Another option, says wildlife biologist Sam Droege of the U.S. Geological
Survey, which is to embrace the thousands of North American wild bee species,
which are excellent pollinators, rarely sting, and are typically the size of a grain of
rice. The drawback for some people is that none of the wild bee species produce
honey. But, says Droege, “we can always get honey from other countries.”
文中错误
his
surround / mortal
lose
缺 from
generally
from
against
缺 as
缺 to（这里共两处，记不清了）
typical
another
Ⅲ. Gap-filling(40 points, 2 points for each)
英语水平考试之20个改错题回忆版
1. his- her
2. vlunerable to-- against
3. alternatives of--to
4. aside---后+with
5.spite-Despite
6. as much--后加as
7. crop- crops
8. another countries-- other
9. surround--surrounding
10. typical-- 后加of
11. which is embrace---embracing
12. for which are --去掉for
13. Most- Many 还是后面的today- nowadays
14 in generally-- 去in 或改为general
15. is后面跟表语从句，我在is后+that
16. moral--mortality
17. is--are
18. lose-loss
19.
20.
Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension (40 points, 2 points for each)
还没有找到原文，找到再补上
Text A
讲人是怎么学习的，开头说小孩子玩火自己被烫到就记住了不能玩火；小孩子看到别的小朋友被火烫
到，自己就知道不能玩火了；然后提到几个 theory。
Text B
好像是讲风险投资的，为了保障退休以后的生活，人应该怎么投资，然后介绍分析了几种投资的方法。
Text C
这篇像肖秀荣的书里翻译过来的 2333，讲的是中国科技、经济飞快进步，提到了中国的四大发明和新
四大发明，中国给其他国家提供援助，中国的各种改革给其他国家提供了借鉴和参考，可以启示他们寻找一条适合自己国家实际情况的道路。
一共 5 个小题，文章不难理解，但是有两题在我们考研群里争议较大，
其一是：大意是中国的发展成果 contributes to ____ effort.
A. top-down B. bottom-up C. collective D. individual
其二是：中国在那些方面可以给其他国家提供借鉴：争议在 C 和 D。
C: technological, economic, financial, institutional
D: technological, economic, financial, cultural（文中没涉及到文化方面的内容）
Text D
这篇可能没什么难度吧，所以好像什么也记不住了……
阅读整体很好理解，生词特别少，但是有几个题感觉挖了坑，比如第三篇，虽然内容感觉很熟悉很亲
切，但是题目和文章联系不是特别明显，加上政治正确选项以及自己的主观印象太强，反而没有另外几篇
好选。
个人总结阅读答题方法：先看选项题目，然后看文章，边看边选，保证速度很快，而且一遍基本上就
选出来了，不确定的再回头找答案。每道题的顺序基本上就是在文章中出现的顺序。