Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.(2003年翻译62题)
(1)Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry (2)which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, systematic, and dispassioned manner (3)that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.(2003年翻译62题)
把后面的两个从句拎出来之后,剩下的that后面只有branch of intellectual enquiry这个名词短语,因此我们可以判断,第一个that不是连词,而是代词。
接着,就需要看一下主句,分析一下从句的种类。我们会发现,主句中is是系动词,Social science是主语,that branch of intellectual enquiry是表语,符合简单句中“主系表”的结构,所以不缺任何主干成分,因而可以判断后面的从句不会是主语、宾语、表语从句。然后再看which和that都不能引导状语从句,所以最后只剩下定语从句和同位语从句的可能性了。而定语从句和同位语从句的最大区别就在于连词在从句中是否做成分,很明显which在从句中做主语,that在从句中做use的宾语,所以可以判断两个从句都是定语从句。不过在这里还需要注意一点,which引导的从句真正修饰的是social science,这其中涉及定语从句的分隔结构,咱们暂且先不谈。that引导的从句修饰前面的manner。我们把三部分的译文给翻译出来: