翻译硕士英语#真题回忆

广外考研人

#翻译硕士英语#
一、单选(30个×1\')

语法题几乎没有，好像都是从外刊上摘的句子。

二、阅读(10个×2\'+5个×4\')
(篇幅太长了，都只贴出了第一段，然后注明了文章来源，大家动动手指吧哈哈~三四篇是问答题(5个)，所以有注明考查的句子，问题主要是paraphrase/explain the sentence或者what does……imply/mean?一二篇是10个选择题~)

第一篇:IF SEVERAL hundred million Indians do migrate from the countryside to cities between now and 2050, as the UN expects, it will be a fiendishly busy few decades for Vivek Aher, who runs a low-cost hostel, one of five, on the outskirts of Pune, a well-off city three hours’ drive from Mumbai. A fair few of the new arrivals will have their first experience of urban living bunking in one of the hostels’ 1,350 beds. Should recent experience be anything to go by, most of the new arrivals will test Mr Aher’s patience by tacking posters on his hostel’s walls, or endlessly complaining about the Wi-Fi.……
(选自the economist, Feb 23rd 2017，Business版块)

第二篇:THE fear that business travellers on transatlantic flights might have to stop working on spreadsheets and read a good book instead had been palpable. In recent weeks, agents at America’s Department of Homeland Security had been hinting to the media that a ban on large electronic devices in the cabins of flights between Europe and America was likely. After a meeting on May 17th in Brussels, between American and EU officials, however, reports suggest that threat has been averted. Airlines will be rejoicing if so.……
(选自the economist, May 18th 2017，Business版块 )

第三篇:“A SEA of sameness.” A veteran of the Mobile World Congress (MWC), Ben Wood of CCS Insight, a consultancy, was not expecting much from the mobile industry’s main trade show this week in Barcelona. As one product launch followed another, it was easy to lose track. Whether it was LG, Huawei or Wiko, they all showed off yet more black rectangles with slightly varying specifications.……
(选自the economist, Mar 2nd 2017，Business版块)
考查的句子:
1.“showed off yet more black rectangles with slightly varying specifications.”
2.“Mobile innovation is not doomed to be hidden in the network.”

第四篇: IN MAY 2013 Gloria James borrowed $200 from Loan Till Payday, a lender near her home in Wilmington, Delaware. Rather than take out a one- or two-month loan for a $100 fee, as she had done several times before, she was offered a one-year loan that would set her back $1,620 in interest, equivalent to an annual rate of 838%. Ms James, a housekeeper making $12 an hour, agreed to the high-interest loan but quickly fell behind on her payments. After filing a lawsuit in federal court, a Delaware judge ruled that the loan in question was not only illegal but “unconscionable”.……
(选自the economist, Apr 8th 2017，Finance and economics版块)
考查的句子:
3. “she was offered a one-year loan that would set her back $1,620 in interest”
4. “installment loans, which give borrowers more
time to get backon their feet.”
5. “consumers may not be better off. ”

三、作文(30\')
题目大意:some say that machine translation will replace pure human work, while some other say that will never happen……他们认为就算机器翻译能够用于科技文本，但文学翻译仍然需要人翻译……your opinion?

#英语翻译基础#

一、词条翻译(汉译英15个×1\')
1.新时代中国特色社会主义
2.人力资源和社会保障部
3.中国科学院
4.十九大
5.国家旅游局
6.贸易自由化
7.非政府组织
8.全面战略伙伴关系
9.和平共处
10.全球治理
11.中国(上海)自由贸易区
12.零和游戏
13.外商直接投资
14.香港特别行政区
15.千年发展目标

二、词条翻译(英译汉15个×1\')
1.Food and Agricultural Organization
2.Greater Mekong Subregion
3.Gulf Cooperation Council
4.Special Drawing Right
5.stem cell research
6.Latin America and the Caribbean
7.economic deleveraging
8.digital divide
9.demographic dividend
10.Internet of Things
11.nature reserve
12.ecological footprint
13.nuclear non-proliferation
14.World Economic Forum
15.quantitative easing
(词条顺序可能有些颠倒~)

三、段落翻译(英译汉60\')
    No one can understand history without continually relating the long periods to the experiences of our own short lives. Five years is a lot. Twenty years is the horizon to most people. Fifty years is antiquity. To understand how the impact of destiny fell upon any generation of men one must first imagine their position and then apply the time-scale of our own lives. Thus nearly all changes were far less perceptible to those who lived through them from day to day than appears when the salient features of an epoch are extracted by the chronicler. We peer at these scenes through dim telescopes of research across a gulf of nearly two thousand years. We cannot doubt that the second and to some extent the third century of the Christian era, in contrast with all that had gone before and most that was to follow, were a Golden Age for Britain. But by the early part of the fourth century shadows had fallen upon this imperfect yet none the less tolerable society. By steady, persistent steps the sense of security departed from Roman Britain. Its citizens felt by daily experience a sense that the world-wide system of which they formed a partner province was in decline.……
(后面还跟着一段跟这差不多长，可我实在找不到了。原文好像是Churchill的The Birth of Britain~)

四、段落翻译(汉译英60\')
        从近年来的版画作品展来看，中国版画已经突破以往“小幅创作，难当大任”的固化印象，在形式语言推陈出新、创作主题多元探索，尤其是超大尺幅的创作等方面实现了跨越式发展，重大历史题材、现实题材领域涌现一批优秀作品。作为一门具有中西两种艺术传统、融入中国社会现代进程、古老又具新兴特质的艺术，在从“高原”迈向“高峰”的进程中，用民族语言讲好中国故事，进一步彰显中国气质和中国精神，中国版画大有可为。
        作为中国美术的一个重要门类，中国版画承载着民族精神。回顾版画在中国漫长的历史发展，从复制型版画到创作型版画，其不断应时代需求转型，并在促进文化传播、加速文明发展、推动社会进步等方面，扮演了重要角色，并彰显不同时代的审美追求。(选自《人民日报》)

#百科知识与汉语写作#

一、名词解释(20个×2.5\')
1. 我国经济正处在转变发展方式、优化经济结构、转换增长动力的攻关期，建设现代化经济体系是跨越关口的迫切要求和我国发展的战略目标。必须坚持质量第一、效益优先，以【供给侧结构性改革】为主线，推动经济发展质量变革、效率变革、动力变革，提高【全要素生产率】，着力加快建设【实体经济】、科技创新、现代金融、人力资源协同发展的产业体系，着力构建市场机制有效、【微观主体】有活力、【宏观调控】有度的经济体制，不断增强我国经济创新力和竞争力。(十九大报告)

2.加快完善社会主义【市场经济体制】。经济体制改革必须以完善【产权制度】和要素市场化配置为重点。要完善各类【国有资产】管理体制，改革国有资本授权经营体制，推动国有资本做强做优做大，有效防止国有资产流失。全面实施【市场准入负面清单制度】，清理废除妨碍统一市场和公平竞争的各种规定和做法，支持民营企业发展，激发各类市场主体活力。深化【商事制度改革】，打破行政性垄断，防止市场垄断，加快要素价格市场化改革，放宽服务业准入限制，完善市场监管体制。(十九大报告)

3.加快建立绿色生产和消费的法律制度和政策导向，建立健全绿色低碳循环发展的经济体系。构建市场导向的绿色技术创新体系，发展【绿色金融】，壮大节能环保产业、清洁生产产业、【清洁能源】产业。坚持全民共治、源头防治，持续实施【大气污染防治】行动，打赢蓝天保卫战。加快水污染防治，实施流域环境和近岸海域综合治理。强化【土壤污染管控】和修复，加强【农业面源污染】防治，开展农村人居环境整治行动。(十九大报告)

4.【语言服务业】和【服务贸易】作为经济全球化和信息技术飞速发展催生的新兴行业，已成为【全球产业链】的重要组成部分。语言服务业是中国文化“走出去”的助推器和润滑剂,为【“一带一路”】愿景的实现保驾护航,并为【高科技产业】技术研发提供平台。(京交会语言服务推介洽谈会)

二、公文写作(40\')
【题目】(大概意思):为首届中国北京国际语言文化博览会的承办单位写一份公文，向上级介绍有关情况。
(给出的材料是中国经济网的一篇报道，题为“首届中国北京国际语言文化博览会开幕 AI助教育行业发展”。原文太长啦，大家自己找一下吧～贴一小段)

【材料】  9月11日至9月13日，作为第12届中国北京国际文化创意产业博览会的重要组成部分，由国家语委支持的“首届中国北京国际语言文化博览会”（以下简称“语博会”）首次单独设立展厅，供相关企业事业单位参展交流，填补了世界华语区语言文化主题博览会的空白。据经济日报-中国经济网记者了解，“语博会”由北京市语委、北京市贸促会等单位承办，北京语言文字工作协会具体运营。……

三、现代文写作(60\')
(一共给了三则材料，大概是下面这样，但不太完整，尽力了……)
材料一:中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发了《关于实施中华优秀传统文化传承发展工程的意见》，并发出通知，要求各地区各部门结合实际认真贯彻落实。文化是民族的血脉，是人民的精神家园。文化自信是更基本、更深层、更持久的力量。中华文化独一无二的理念、智慧、气度、神韵，增添了中国人民和中华民族内心深处的自信和自豪。……

材料二:《中国诗词大会》是央视首档全民参与的诗词节目，节目以“赏中华诗词、寻文化基因、品生活之美”为基本宗旨，力求通过对诗词知识的比拼及赏析，带动全民重温那些曾经学过的古诗词，分享诗词之美，感受诗词之趣，从古人的智慧和情怀中汲取营养，涵养心灵。……

材料三:相对于传统节日的保护，洋节的声势着实浩大，感恩节、情人节、父亲节、母亲节还有圣诞节等等，日益在国内发挥着强大的影响力，一些年轻一代的朋友对此尤为狂热。……

#复试笔试#
完形填空：30词30空，需变换形式；30分

【undoubtedly, represent, livelihood, filled, variation, less, intensive, experience, include, exclude, household, level, manufacturing, avail, compete, need, hazard, sector, adjustment, exclusive, security, participate, access, increase, decline, care, prescribe, economic, rank, compel】

More and more women are now joining the paid labor force world-wide. They represent the majority of the workforce in all the _______ which are expanding as a result of globalization and trade liberalization—the informal sector, ________ subcontracting; export processing or free trade zones; homeworking; and the “flexible”, part-time, temporary, low-paid labor force. Even in countries which have low _______of women paid workers, such as the Arab countries, employment is rising.
In South-East Asia, women ________ up to 80 per cent of the workforce in the export processing zones, working mainly in the labor- _______ textile, toy, shoe and electronic sectors. In Latin American and the Caribbean, 70 per cent of _______ active women are employed in services. Many women in South-East Asia are moving from ________ into services.
Long _____ from many paid jobs and thus economically dependent on husbands or fathers, paid employment has ______ brought economic and social gains to many women. For many previously______ young women, the opportunity to gain financial independence, albeit limited and possibly temporary, has helped break down some of the taboos of their societies and______ on women’s behavior.
Any gains, however, should be seen in a wider context. _______ economic and social conditions throughout the world, in particular declining household incomes, have _______ many women to take any kind of paid work to meet their basic _______ and those of their families. The jobs _______ to them are, in the main, insecure and low-paid with irregular hours, high levels of intensity, little protection from health and safety _______ and few opportunities for promotion.
Women’s high ________ in informal employment is partly due to the fact that many jobs in the formal economy are not open to them: they are actively excluded from certain kinds of work or lack _______ to education and training or have domestic commitments. The _______ of women’s participation in the informal sector has been most marked in the countries of Sub-Saharan Africa where sharp economic decline and structural _______ policies have reduced the official job market drastically. As domestic markets are opened up to international ________ and quotas which restricted the quantity of imports from any one country are abandoned, cheap, subsidized foreign imports are threatening the _______ of many women small producers and entrepreneurs in “cottage industries”. In countries such as India and Bangladesh, for instance, more than 90 per cent of economically-active women work in the informal sector at jobs such hand loom weaving.
In general, women are paid ________ than men are, and women’s jobs pay less than men’s jobs. On average, most women earn 50 to 80 per cent of men’s pay, but there are considerable ______. In Tanzania, which _______ first in the world for pay equality, women earn 92 per cent of what men earn; in Bangladesh, they earn 42 per cent. Women also have less job _________ and fewer opportunities for promotion. Higher status jobs, even in industries which employ mostly women, tend to be ______ by men.
In addition, women usually have to continue their unpaid domestic and ________ work, such as of children, the sick and the elderly, which is often regarded as women’s “natural” and ________ responsibility. Even when they have full-time jobs outside the home, women take care of most _______ tasks, particularly the preparation of meals, cleaning and child care.

英译汉：40分
      Modernization and economic development neither require nor produce cultural westernization. To the contrary, they promote a resurgence of, and renewed commitment to, indigenous cultures. At the individual level, the movement of people into unfamiliar cities, social settings, and occupations breaks their traditional local bonds, generates feelings of alienation and anomie, and creates crises of identity to which religion frequently provides an answer. At the societal level, modernization enhances the economic wealth and military power of the country as a whole and encourages people to have confidence in their heritage and to become culturally assertive. As a result, many non-Western societies have seen a return to indigenous cultures. It often takes a religious form, and the global revival of religion is a direct consequence of modernization. In non-Western societies this revival almost necessarily assumes an anti-Western cast, in some cases rejecting Western culture because it is Christian and subversive, in others because it is secular and degenerate. The return to the indigenous is most marked in Muslim and Asian societies. The Islamic Resurgence has manifested itself in every Muslim country.
      East Asian societies have gone through a parallel rediscovery of indigenous values.For several centuries they, along with other non-Western peoples, envied the economic prosperity, technological sophistication, military power, and political cohesion of Western societies. They sought the secret of this success in Western practices and customs, and when they identified what they thought might be the key they attempted to apply it in their own societies. Now, however, a fundamental change has occurred. Today East Asians attribute their dramatic economic development not to their import of Western culture but to their adherence to their own culture. They have succeeded, they argue, not because they became like the West, but because they have remained different from the West. Now that they are no longer weak but instead increasingly powerful, they denounce as \"human rights imperialism\" the same values they previously invoked to promote their interests. As Western power recedes, so too does the appeal of Western values and culture, and the West faces the need to accommodate itself to its declining ability to impose its values on non-Western societies. In fundamental ways, much of the world is becoming more modern and less Western.

汉译英：30分

       有一次，在拥挤的车厢门口，我听见一位男乘客客客气气地问他前面的一个 女乘客：“您下车吗？”女乘客没理他。“你下车吗？”他又问了一遍。女乘客还是 没有理他。“下车吗？”他耐不住了，放大了声问，那女乘客依然没有反应。“你 是聋子，还是哑巴？”他急了，捅了一下那女乘客，也引得车厢里的人都往这里 看。女乘客这时也急了，瞪起一双眼睛回手给了男乘客一拳。
        见此情景，我猛然想起在60路沿线上有家福利工厂，女乘客可能就是个聋 哑人，听不见声音。我赶忙向男乘客做了解释，又用纸条写了一句话，举到女乘 客的眼前：“对不起！他要下车，他问了您好几声，您是不是没听见？”女乘客点 了点头，把道让开了。
       从此以后，我就特别注意聋哑人的特征，还从他们那里学会了一些常用的手 语。比如，我可以用哑语问他们：“朋友，您好！”、“您到哪里下车？”、“您请 往里走！”、“谢谢”等等。这样，不仅我能更好地为他们服务，与他们进行感情 交流，也减少了一些他们与其他乘客的误会和纠纷。

#复试面试#

复述：speech repository上的一段视频\"advantages and disadvantages on hitchhiking\"，现在点进网站主页就能看到，在latest videos一栏。

视译：
英译汉
Conflicts have deepened and new dangers have emerged. Global anxieties about nuclear weapons are the highest since the Cold War. Climate change is moving faster than we are. Inequalities are growing. And we see horrific violations of human rights. Nationalism and xenophobia are on the rise. And as we begin 2018, I call for unity. I truly believe we can make our world more safe and secure. We can settle conflicts, overcome hatred and defend shared values. But we can only do that together. I urge leaders everywhere to make this New Year\'s resolution: Narrow the gaps. Bridge the divides. Rebuild trust by bringing people together around common goals. Unity is the path. Our future depends on it.（联合国秘书长古特雷斯2018新年致辞）

汉译英
       现在，我们正处在一个大发展大变革大调整的时代，世界多极化、经济全球化、文化多样化、社会信息化深入发展。在这样的大背景下，一大批新兴市场国家和发展中国家异军突起，在国际事务中发挥着日益重要的作用。金砖合作也应运而生，我们五国怀着追求和平与发展的共同愿望走到一起。在过去10年中，金砖国家携手同行，成长为世界经济的新亮点。10年中，金砖国家探索进取，谋求共同发展。2008年爆发的国际金融危机突如其来，直接导致世界经济急刹车，至今未能重回正轨。面对外部环境突然变化，我们五国立足国内，集中精力发展经济、改善民生。10年间，五国经济总量增长179%，贸易总额增长94%，城镇化人口增长28%，为世界经济企稳复苏作出突出贡献，也让30多亿人民有了实实在在的获得感。（习近平：共同开创金砖合作第二个“金色十年”）